Abstract: The properties of products from the pilot scale residue hydrodemetalization, hydrodesulfur and hydrodenitrogen tests were characterized. The result showed that the contents of sulfur, nitrogen, carbon residue, nickel and vanadium in products were reduced through above mentioned residue hydrotreating. The total removal rates of sulfur, nitrogen, carbon residue, nickel and vanadium were 84.9%, 51.3%, 62.8%, 84.8% and 94.0%, respectively. The composition distributions of the produced fractions had been changed. The content of saturate fraction increased, and those of aromatic, resin and asphaltene fractions decreased. The removal rates of resin and asphaltene fractions were 57.5% and 73.3%, respectively. The average structural parameters of factions were calculated based on proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The aromatic ring number and cycle ring number of structure unit of aromatic and resin fractions decreased. The fractions of aromatic carbon (fA), cycloparaffinic carbon (fN) and paraffinic carbon (fP) kept the same. The fA of asphaltene fraction increased, and the fN and fP of that decreased. The same fractions from different residue hydrotreating products were similar in structure, but the different fractions had quite distinct difference.