宽工作温度烟气脱硝催化剂制备及反应机理研究

Preparation of catalyst with wide working-temperature and the reaction mechanism of flue gas denitration

  • 摘要: 以溶胶-凝胶法制备介孔TiO2载体,采用分步浸渍法制备了V2O5-WO3/TiO2催化剂,借助BET、NH3-TPD、H2-TPR、SEM、活性评价、In-situ FT-IR等手段,考察了催化剂的结构、酸性、还原性、脱硝活性及反应机理等。介孔TiO2载体比表面积为158.6 m2/g,制成催化剂后比表面积略有降低,约为136.7 m2/g。针对模拟烟气在φNH3NO=0.8的条件下测试催化剂的脱硝活性温度窗口为250~400 ℃,脱硝转化率达到80%。NH3-TPD和H2-TPR表征结果表明,催化剂在活性温度范围内具有典型的表面酸性位,载体TiO2与V2O5之间存在的相互作用使得V2O5还原温度降低。利用In-situ FT-IR研究NH3和NO在V2O5-WO3/TiO2催化剂表面吸附和氧化的反应过程发现,NH3可同时吸附在L酸位和B酸位,NH3在活性位上氧化脱氢形成NH2物种是SCR脱硝反应的控制步骤。研究NO+O2+NH3反应时发现,吸附NH3的催化剂引入NO和O2后,共价吸附的NH3首先消失。选择性催化还原反应发生在吸附态NH3和气态或弱吸附态的NO之间,该反应遵从Eley-Rideal反应机理。

     

    Abstract: The V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalyst using the mesoporous support of TiO2 made by sol-gel method was prepared with two-step impregnation method and tested for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO by NH3. The characterization of the catalyst with BET, NH3-TPD, H2-TPR, SEM, activity evaluation and in-situ FT-IR was made to have a deep understanding of the structure, acidity, redox property, catalytic performance, de-NOx activity and the reaction mechanism. The mesoporous TiO2 has a surface area of 158.6 m2/g, and the prepared de-NOx catalyst has a slightly decreased surface area of 136.7 m2/g. The V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalyst enables the NO conversions to reach to about 80% at 250~400 ℃ and φNH3NO = 0.8, showing the feature of wide working-temperature for the catalyst. The surface adsorption of reactants characterized by in-situ FT-IR shows that NH3 is adsorbed on both the Lewis and Brnsted acidic sites to generate a few different transformation species. The transformation from NH3 to NH2 is the rate-determining step for de-NOx reaction in NH3-SCR. It is found that the NH3-SCR reaction occurs between the adsorbed NH3 and gaseous NO, which follows the Eley-Rideal reaction mechanism.

     

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